Rural Industrialization in Korea: Policy Program, Performance and Rural Entrepreneurship

Suh, Chong-Hyuk; Kim, Hyong-Mo

doi:10.33301/2013015.01.03

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VOL. 15 NO. 1 (2013) DOI: 10.33301/2013015.01.03

Rural Industrialization in Korea: Policy Program, Performance and Rural Entrepreneurship

Authors: Suh, Chong-Hyuk, Kim, Hyong-Mo

Abstract:

From the early seventies the Korean Government has adopted a rural industrialization policy as an important measure for promoting rural development. It has been perceived that through this measure the over-concentration of economic activity would be controlled and dispersed. Development of rural industrialization has passed through three different phases: i) the period of promoting rural cottage-type industries (1960-80); ii) the period of rural industrial park establishment; and iii) a stagnation period after the early 1990s. Throughout the overall period government policy changed from an individual project-oriented approach to a diversified and comprehensive policy program. The policy programs, such as the development of rural industrial parks, off-farm income source development and vocational training programs for farm youths, have helped in promoting rural industrialization. On the other hand, policy programs promoting rural out-migration and unbalanced regional development policy have impacted negatively on rural industrialization. Presently one of the serious policy issues facing rural industries is how to secure a young labor force and how to promote rural entrepreneurship. In addition, rural development efforts by local government and authorities are necessary in order to increase investment from urban-based entrepreneur firms.

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Rural Industrialization in Korea: Policy Program, Performance and Rural Entrepreneurship

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